Question : Beam or lowest division of the entablature which
extends from column to column, is known as
(A) Arabesque (B)
Arcade (C) Architrave (D)
Arbour
Answer: (C) Architrave
Entablature
has three sections- {remember AFC} Architrave, Frieze and Cornice
o
Arabesque:
surface decorations based on rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and
interlacing foliage, tendrils or plain lines.
o Arcade: a series of
adjoining arches.
o Arbour: a leafy gateway
shaded by trees, climbers, shrubs, etc., especially when trimmed to give shape.
Topiary is trimming of plant to give some geometric shape. When the shape is in
form of animals it is zoomorphic.
Other Islamic terms in
Architecture.
·
Arabesque- interlacing plant motifs like decoration.
·
Arcade- series of arches.
·
Drum- A cylindrical wall that supports the dome.
·
Hammam- public bath (In Rome it was thermae)
·
Hareem- women folk
·
Mashrabiya- wooden lattice work placed infront of building for
ventilation and privacy.
·
Mihrab- a semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque that
indicates the qibla; that is, the direction of the Kaaba. (GATE 1991)
·
Mimbar- a pulpit placed on the right of mihrab used by imam
for Jumma lecture.
·
Muqranna- decorative pattern consisting of small niche
arranged like honey comb and made mostly from plaster for internal treatment of
curved surface especially in transitional zone between dome and their support
i.e. pendentive and squinch.
·
Nave- main central aisle leading to the Mihrab.
·
Squinch- arch placed at corners of square base to support the
dome.
·
Stucco- plaster used for coating and making decorative
casts.
