GATE Architecture/Planning 2016

Question:

The Columbian Exposition in North America is synonymous with

            (A)       City Beautiful Movement
            (B)       Urbana Lake front Development

            (C)       CIAM
            (D)       Broad-acre city

           

            Answer: (A)     City Beautiful Movement

The Chicago World's Fair was a World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492.The City Beautiful Movement was a reform philosophy of North American architecture and urban planning that flourished during the 1890s and 1900s with the intent of introducing beautification and monumental grandeur in cities. It was associated with Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, and Washington, D.C.

City Planners of USA

·         Chicago- Daniel Burnham

·         Detroit- Augustus B. Woodward (1805)

·         Washington D. C. – Charles Follen McKim (1901)

·         Philadelphia-William Pen

·         New York- Gouverneur Morris, John Rutherfurd, and Simeon De Witt   

The Chicago Columbian Exposition was, designed by Daniel Burnham and Frederick Law Olmsted. It was held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400^th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’ arrival in the New World in 1492.

World Exposition: List of world expositions is a list of every world exposition sanctioned by the Bureau of International Expositions (BIE), including those recognised retrospectively. Some of the important expositions are:

1851- London- Crystal Palace (London exposition was the first exposition)

1867- Paris- Champ de Mars

1878- Paris- (Head of Statue of Liberty was exhibited)

1889- Paris- Eiffel Tower

1893- Chicago

……….

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2012- Yeosu, Japan

2015- Milan, Italy

2017- Astana, Kazakhastan.

The Congrès internationaux d’architecture nfras – CIAM (International Congresses of Modern Architecture) was an organization founded in 1928 and disbanded in 1959.

Broadacre City (1932) was an urban or suburban development concept proposed by
Frank Lloyd Wright (1867- 1959). The focus was automobile.

Source: GATE Arch/Planning by B K Das available on amazon.in